منابع مشابه
Cap - and - Trade or a Carbon Tax ?
W political leaders in the European Union, Canada, Australia, Japan, and the U.S. Congress move toward cap-and-trade systems as their preferred approach for achieving meaningful reductions in emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases, there is a lively debate among economists, many of whom have been critical of the cap-and-trade approach in the climate context and have endorsed carbon taxes i...
متن کاملCarbon tax or carbon permits: the impact on generators’ risks
generators’ risks Richard Green Institute for Energy Research and Policy University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT Tel: +44 121 415 8216 Email: [email protected] October 2007 Abstract Volatile fuel prices affect both the cost and price of electricity in a liberalized market. Generators with the price-setting technology will face less risk to their profit margins than those with costs that...
متن کاملSustainable Trade Credit and Replenishment Policies under the Cap-And-Trade and Carbon Tax Regulations
The paper considers the sustainable trade credit and inventory policies with demand related to credit period and the environmental sensitivity of consumers under the carbon cap-and-trade and carbon tax regulations. First, the decision models are constructed under three cases: without regulation, carbon cap-and-trade regulation, and carbon tax regulation. The optimal solutions of the retailer in...
متن کاملOptimal carbon tax doubled
Typically, cost–benefit analysis (CBA) has suggested ‘optimal’ carbon tax regimes that result in a global temperature rise of around 3 °C, or even eventually (post-2100) 4 °C, above preindustrial levels. However, risk analysis approaches indicate that these levels of temperature rise result in climate change impacts that pose a high or very high level of risk to society and ecosystems1 (Fig. 1)...
متن کاملShould We Tax or Cap Political Contributions? A Lobbying Model With Policy Favors and Access
This paper develops a model of political contributions in which a politician can either sell policy favors, or sell access. Access allows interest groups to share hard information with the politician in support of their preferred policy. Here selling access maximizes policy utility, while selling policy favors maximizes total contributions. Imposing a binding contribution limit makes it more li...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Environmental Science & Technology
سال: 2008
ISSN: 0013-936X,1520-5851
DOI: 10.1021/es087067n